The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 138, Issue 1 , Pages 26-31 , July 2009

Comparison of patterns of relapse in thymic carcinoma and thymoma

  • James Huang, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for reprints: James Huang, MD, Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Room C-868, New York, NY 10021.
  • ,
  • Nabil P. Rizk, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • William D. Travis, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Gregory J. Riely, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Bernard J. Park, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Manjit S. Bains, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Joseph Dycoco, BA

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Raja M. Flores, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Robert J. Downey, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
  • ,
  • Valerie W. Rusch, MD

      Affiliations

    • Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

Received 26 June 2008 ,Revised 23 February 2009 ,Accepted 23 March 2009.

References 

  1. Regnard JF, Zinzindohoue F, Magdeleinat P, et al. Results of re-resection for recurrent thymomas. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;64:1593–1598
  2. Detterbeck FC, Parsons AM. Thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77:1860–1869
  3. Blumberg D, Port JL, Weksler B, et al. Thymoma: a multivariate analysis of factors predicting survival. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995;60:908–914
  4. Masaoka A, Monden Y, Nakahara K, Tanioka T. Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer. 1981;48:2485–2492
  5. Rosai J, editor. Histological typing of tumors of the thymus. In: World Health Organization international histological classification of tumors. 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg; 1999.
  6. Moller-Hermelink H, Engel P, Kuo T, et al. Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. In:  Travis WD editors. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004;p. 344
  7. Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Database. Available at: http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat/variables/seer/yr1973_2005/race_ethnicity/ and http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat/variables/seer/yr1973_2005/race_ethnicity/. Accessed May 2008.
  8. Huang J, Rizk NP, Travis WD, et al. Feasibility of multimodality therapy including extended resections in stage IVA thymoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134:1477–1484
  9. Kondo K, Monden Y. Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;76:878–885
  10. Wright CD, Wain JC, Wong DR, et al. Predictors of recurrence in thymic tumors: importance of invasion, World Health Organization histology, and size. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005;130:1413–1421
  11. Blumberg D, Burt ME, Bains MS, et al. Thymic carcinoma: current staging does not predict prognosis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;115:303–309
  12. Okumura M, Shiono H, Inoue M, et al. Outcome of surgical treatment for recurrent thymic epithelial tumors with reference to World Health Organization histologic classification system. J Surg Oncol. 2007;95:40–44
  13. Haniuda M, Kondo R, Numanami H, et al. Recurrence of thymoma: clinicopathological features, re-operation, and outcome. J Surg Oncol. 2001;78:183–188
  14. Ruffini E, Mancuso M, Oliaro A, et al. Recurrence of thymoma: analysis of clinicopathologic features, treatment, and outcome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997;113:55–63
  15. Strobel P, Bauer A, Puppe B, et al. Tumor recurrence and survival in patients treated for thymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:1501–1509
  16. Jose B, Yu AT, Morgan TF, Glicksman AS. Malignant thymoma with extrathoracic metastasis: a case report and review of literature. J Surg Oncol. 1980;15:259–263
  17. Eng TY, Fuller CD, Jagirdar J, Bains Y, Thomas CR. Thymic carcinoma: state of the art review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59:654–664
  18. Henley JD, Koukoulis GK, Loehrer PJ. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in invasive thymoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2002;128:167–170
  19. Nakagawa K, Matsuno Y, Kunitoh H, Maeshima A, Asamura H, Tsuchiya R. Immunohistochemical KIT (CD117) expression in thymic epithelial tumors. Chest. 2005;128:140–144
  20. Pan CC, Chen PC, Chiang H. KIT (CD117) is frequently overexpressed in thymic carcinomas but is absent in thymomas. J Pathol. 2004;202:375–381
  21. Strobel P, Hartmann M, Jakob A, et al. Thymic carcinoma with overexpression of mutated KIT and the response to imatinib. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2625–2626
  22. El-Bawab H, Al-Sugair AA, Rafay M, Hajjar W, Mahdy M, Al-Kattan K. Role of flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in thymic pathology. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007;31:731–736
  23. Liu RS, Yeh SH, Huang MH, et al. Use of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the detection of thymoma: a preliminary report. Eur J Nucl Med. 1995;22:1402–1407
  24. Sung YM, Lee KS, Kim BT, Choi JY, Shim YM, Yi CA. 18F-FDG PET/CT of thymic epithelial tumors: usefulness for distinguishing and staging tumor subgroups. J Nucl Med. 2006;47:1628–1634
  25. Singhal S, Shrager JB, Rosenthal DI, LiVolsi VA, Kaiser LR. Comparison of stages I-II thymoma treated by complete resection with or without adjuvant radiation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;76:1635–1642
  26. Mangi AA, Wain JC, Donahue DM, Grillo HC, Mathisen DJ, Wright CD. Adjuvant radiation of stage III thymoma: is it necessary?. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1834–1839
  27. Mangi AA, Wright CD, Allan JS, et al. Adjuvant radiation therapy for stage II thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;74:1033–1037
  28. Wright CD, Choi NC, Wain JC, Mathisen DH, Lynch TJ, Fidias P. Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by resection for locally advanced Masaoka stage III and IVA thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;85:385–389
  29. Haniuda MM, Kondo R, Numanami H, Makiuchi A, Machida E, Amano J. Recurrence of thymoma: clinicopathological features, re-operation, and outcome. J Surg Oncol. 2001;78:183–188

 Read at the Thirty-fourth Annual Meeting of The Western Thoracic Surgical Association, Kona, Hawaii, June 25–28, 2008.

PII: S0022-5223(09)00490-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.03.033

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Volume 138, Issue 1 , Pages 26-31 , July 2009