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Volume 130, Issue 5 , Pages 1293-1301 , November 2005

Laryngopharyngeal dysfunction after the Norwood procedure

Read at the Eighty-fifth Annual Meeting of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery, San Francisco, Calif, April 10-13, 2005.

Margaret L. Skinner, MD
- Evelyn Trammell Institute of Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Charleston, SC
Lucinda A. Halstead, MD
- Evelyn Trammell Institute of Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Charleston, SC
Catherine S. Rubinstein, MSN (FNP)
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
Andrew M. Atz, MD
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
Diane Andrews, SLP
- Evelyn Trammell Institute of Voice and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Charleston, SC
Scott M. Bradley, MD
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Address for reprints: Scott M. Bradley, MD, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC 29425

Received 8 April 2005 ,Revised 6 June 2005 ,Accepted 8 June 2005.

Incidence of laryngopharyngeal dysfunction: percentage of patients after the Norwood procedure versus biventricular repair. A, Left true vocal cord paralysis. B, Aspiration by modified barium swallow

Incidence of laryngopharyngeal dysfunction: percentage of patients after the Norwood procedure versus biventricular repair. A, Left true vocal cord paralysis. B, Aspiration by modified barium swallow (MBS). C, Abnormal MBS. P values are determined by using the χ² test. TVF, True vocal fold.
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