Blood cardioplegia supplementation with the sodium-hydrogen ion exchange inhibitor cariporide to attenuate infarct size and coronary artery endothelial dysfunction after severe regional ischemia in a canine model

Area at risk relative to left ventricular mass (AAR/LV) and infarct size as area of necrosis relative to area at risk (An/AAR) in vehicle (Veh, black bars) and cariporide (NHEI, white bars) groups. Asterisk designates P value versus vehicle group.

Plasma CK activity during time course of experiment in vehicle (Veh, squares) and cariporide (NHEI, circles) groups. Base, Baseline; Isch, ischemia; R30, 30 minutes of reperfusion; R60, 60 minutes of reperfusion; R90, 90 minutes of reperfusion; R120, 120 minutes of reperfusion. Asterisk designates P value versus vehicle group.

MPO activity in nonischemic (Non-Isc), nonnecrotic (Non-Nec), and necrotic area at risk (AAR) postexperimental myocardial tissue samples from vehicle (Veh, black bars) and cariporide (NHEI, white bars) groups. Asterisk designates P value versus vehicle group.

Myocardial water content after desiccation of subendocardial (Endo) and subepicardial (Epi) tissue samples in both area at risk (AAR) and nonischemic (Non-Isc) zones at end of experiment in vehicle (Veh, black bars) and cariporide (NHEI, white bars) groups. Asterisk designates P value versus vehicle group within each area of myocardium.

Vasorelaxation responses to incremental concentrations of acetylcholine (left) and sodium nitroprusside (right) in both occluded-reperfused LAD (squares) and nonischemic LCx (circles) coronary artery rings. A, Vehicle (Veh) group. B, Cariporide (NHEI) group. Asterisk designates P value versus vehicle group at same concentration.